AXT, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, designs, develops, manufactures, and distributes compound and single element semiconductor substrates primarily used in wireless communications, lighting display applications, and fiber optic communications. It offers semi-insulating substrates made from gallium arsenide, which are used for applications in power amplifiers and radio frequency integrated circuits for wireless handsets; direct broadcast televisions; high-performance transistors; and satellite communications. The company also provides semi-conducting substrates made from gallium arsenide that have applications in light emitting diodes, lasers, and optical couplers; substrates made from indium phosphide, which are used in broadband and fiber optic communications; and substrates made from germanium that are used in satellite and terrestrial solar cells, and optical applications. AXT, Inc. manufactures its semiconductor substrates using its proprietary vertical gradient freeze technology. In addition, the company, through its joint ventures, manufactures and sells gallium, arsenic, germanium, germanium dioxide, pyrolytic boron nitride crucibles, and boron oxide. AXT, Inc. sells its products through direct sales force in the United States and China, as well as through independent sales representatives in Europe and other parts of Asia. The company was formerly known as American Xtal Technology, Inc. and changed its name to AXT, Inc. in July 2000. AXT, Inc. was founded in 1986 and is headquartered in Fremont, California.