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TOTAL S.A., together with its subsidiaries, operates as a oil and gas company worldwide. The company operates in three segments: Upstream, Refining and Chemicals, and Marketing and Services. The Upstream segment engages in the exploration, development, and production of oil and gas; shipping, trading, and marketing natural gas, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and electricity, as well as power generation and trading activities; and coal production and marketing activities. As of December 31, 2012, it had combined proved reserves of 11,368 million barrels of oil equivalent of oil and gas. The Refining and Chemicals segment is involved in refining, marketing, trading, and shipping crude oil and petroleum products. This segment also produces petrochemicals, including base petrochemicals (olefins and aromatics) and polymer derivatives (polyolefins and polystyrene); fertilizers; and speciality chemicals, such as elastomer processing, and adhesives, as well as electroplating chemistry. In addition, it holds interests in 20 refineries located in Europe, the United States, the French West Indies, Africa, the Middle East, and China. The Marketing and Services segment produces and markets a range of specialty products, such as lubricants, LPG, jet fuel, special fluids, bitumen, heavy fuel, and marine fuels; and develops renewable energies. This segment also operates a network of 14,725 service stations. TOTAL S.A. was founded in 1924 and is headquartered in Paris, France.