Vale S.A. engages in the research, production, and marketing of iron ore and pellets, nickel, fertilizers, copper, coal, manganese, ferroalloys, cobalt, platinum group metals, and precious metals in Brazil and internationally. Its Bulk Material segment engages in the extraction of iron ore and pellet production, as well as operation of transport systems in Brazil, including railroads, ports, and terminals related to mining operations. This segment is also involved in the production of manganese and ferroalloys; and mining of coal. The company's Base Metals segment produces non-ferrous minerals, including nickel and copper; and aluminum products. Vale S.A.'s Fertilizers segment provides potash, phosphates, and nitrogen. The company's Logistic Services segment offers cargo transportation services, such as rail transport, port, and shipping services for third parties. In addition, Vale S.A. generates energy through hydroelectric plants and centers in Brazil, Canada, and Indonesia; and has a natural gas exploration portfolio of 18 blocks in 4 petroleum basins in Brazil. The company was formerly known as Companhia Vale do Rio Doce and changed its name to Vale S.A. in May 2009. Vale S.A. was founded in 1942 and is based in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.