The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is a signaling pathway that plays a critical role in regulating cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and survival. It is activated by a variety of growth factors and hormones, and is involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival, and metabolism. The pathway is composed of three main components: PI3K, Akt, and mTOR. PI3K is a lipid kinase that is activated by growth factors and hormones, and it phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to form phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). Akt is a serine/threonine kinase that is activated by PIP3, and it phosphorylates a variety of substrates, including mTOR. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is activated by Akt, and it regulates cell growth, proliferation, and metabolism.