Southern Copper Corporation engages in mining, exploring, producing, smelting, and refining copper and other minerals in Peru, Mexico, and Chile. It is involved in the mining, milling, and flotation of copper ore to produce copper and molybdenum concentrates; smelting of copper concentrates to produce anode copper; and refining of anode copper to produce copper cathodes, as well as refined silver. The company operates the Toquepala and Cuajone mine complexes and the smelting and refining plants, which produce copper with production of by-products of molybdenum, silver, and other material. It also has the La Caridad and Buenavista mine complexes and the smelting and refining plants that produce copper with production of by-products of molybdenum, silver, and other material. In addition, the company operates five underground mines that produce zinc, copper, silver, and gold; a coal mine, which produces coal and coke; and a zinc refinery. It has 80,512 hectares of exploration concessions in Peru; 123,293 hectares of exploration concessions in Mexico; 100,383 hectares of exploration concessions in Argentina; 35,958 hectares exploration concessions in Chile; and 2,544 hectares of exploration concessions in Ecuador. The company was founded in 1952 and is based in Phoenix, Arizona. Southern Copper Corporation is a subsidiary of Americas Mining Corporation.